Florida Civic Literacy Practice Exam

What principle is established by the concept of federalism in the United States?

1. Absolute power resides with the national government

2. Power is divided between national and state governments

3. States have no authority to govern

4. Local governments are superior to state governments

The correct answer is: Power is divided between national and state governments

Federalism is a foundational concept in the United States government that emphasizes the division of power between the national and state governments. This system is designed to allow both levels of government to operate within their own spheres of authority, each having distinct responsibilities and powers. The correct response highlights that power is not centralized solely within the national government. Instead, federalism establishes a framework where states retain significant authority to govern themselves, enabling a diverse range of local needs and interests to be addressed. This balance allows for both a unified national policy and a responsive state and local governance structure, promoting democratic representation at multiple levels. The allowance for states to exercise their powers reflects the principle of local governance being closer and more responsive to the people, which is a key benefit of a federal system. In contrast, the other options misrepresent the structure and intent of federalism. They suggest a concentration of power either with the national government or local governments, which does not align with the established framework of shared authority and cooperative governance in the United States.